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Brief about Industries in India

India has a diverse mix of industries spanning across various sectors including, agriculture, textile, manufacturing, IT services, pharmaceuticals, automotive, cement, and many more. Some of the key industries in India are the service sector, manufacturing sector, agriculture sector.

The service sector is the largest contributor to India’s GDP, with IT and business process outsourcing (BPO) being significant segments. The manufacturing sector has also grown significantly, with a focus on industries such as automobiles, textiles, and electronics. The agriculture sector is a major employer in rural India, and India is one of the largest producers of food grains, fruits and vegetables in the world. Additionally, there are emerging sectors such as renewable energy, e-commerce, biotechnology that are also gaining importance in the Indian economy.

Role of major industries in Indian economic development

Major industries have played a crucial role in the economic development of India. Here are some of the key contributions of these industries to the Indian economy:

1. 1. Manufacturing: The manufacturing sector has been a significant contributor to India’s GDP and has created job opportunities. It has helped in the growth of ancillary industries, increased exports, and attracted foreign investment. Industries like automobiles, electronics, and textiles have also grown significantly in recent years.

2. Services: The service sector, which includes IT and BPO (Business process outsourcing), is the largest contributor to India’s GDP. It has helped in development of infrastructure, created employment opportunities, and increased exports.

3. Agriculture: Agriculture is a major contributor to the Indian economy and has played an important role in the country’s development. It provides employment to a large portion of population and contributes to food security. The Government has implemented various policies to improve the infrastructure and technology in the agriculture sector.

4. Pharmaceuticals: The pharmaceutical industry in India has grown significantly in recent years and has become an important contributor to the economy. India is one of the largest producers of generic medicines and has a significant market share in the global pharmaceutical market.

Top 10 Exports from India and its destinations

1. Petroleum products: Petroleum products are one of the top exports from India. Some of the main petroleum products exported from India include refined petroleum, crude oil, and petroleum gases. India is one of the largest oil importers in the world and has a growing refining capacity, which allows it to export a significant amount of petroleum products to other countries.

Some of the major destinations for Indian petroleum exports include the Unites States, China, and the United Arab Emirates, and the Singapore. Indiaalso exports significant amounts of petroleum products to countries in the Asia-Pacific region, Europe, and the Middle East.

As per year 2020, here is a list of top destinations for Indian petroleum product exports:

1. United States: USD 7.35 billion

2. China: USD 4.31 billion

3. UAE: USD 4.03 billion

4. Singapore: USD 3.36 billion

5. Sri Lanka: USD 1.47 billion

6. Malaysia: USD 1.29 billion

7. South Korea: USD 1.22 billion

8. Netherlands: USD 954 million

9. Japan: USD 934 million

10. Thailand: USD 826 million

2.  Gems and jewelry: Gems and jewelry is another important export from India, and the country is known for its expertise in cutting and polishing diamonds and other precious stones. Some of the main gems and jewelry products exported from India include diamond jewelry, gold jewelry, and studded gold jewelry. India is leading producer of rough diamonds and is home to a large and well established jewelry industry.

Here is the list of the top destinations for Indian gems and jewelry exports:

1. United States: USD 9.94 billion

2. Hong Kong: USD 4.62 billion

3. UAE: USD 2.55 billion

4. Belgium: USD 1.38 billion

5. Switzerland: USD 1.37 billion

6. China: USD 1.32 billion

7. Thailand: USD 874 million

8. Singapore: USD 654 million

9. Japan: USD 651 million

10.                  United Kingdom: USD 572 million

3. Pharmaceuticals: Pharmaceuticals is another important export from India. The country is known for its expertise in producing generic drugs and has a large and growing pharmaceutical industry. Some of the main pharmaceutical products exported from India include active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), finished dosage forms, and generic drugs.

The Indian pharmaceutical industry supply for over 50 per cent of global demand for various vaccines. India is the 3rd largest producer of drugs in terms of volume and vaccine production accounts to 60 per cent global production. India contributes substantially to WHO demand for BCG, Pertussis, Diphtheria and Tetanus vaccines, which accounts 40 to 70 per cent. India also supports the global demand for vaccine for the treatment of measles and it accounts to 90 per cent.

Here is the list of top destinations for Indian pharmaceutical exports:

1. USA: USD 4.88 billion

2. United Kingdom: USD 1.46 billion

3. South Africa: USD 1.19 billion

4. Russia: USD 1.19 billion

5. Brazil: USD 880 million

6. Nigeria: USD 813 million

7. Kenya: USD 729 million

8. Nepal: USD 713 million

9. Bangladesh: USD 708 million

10.                  Vietnam: USD 685 million

4. Engineering goods: Engineering goods is another important export from India. The country is known for its expertise in producing a wide range of engineering products, including capital goods, intermediate goods, and consumer goods. Some of the main engineering goods exported from India include machinery, transportation equipment, electrical machinery, and iron and steel products.

Here is a list of the top destinations for Indian engineering goods export:

1. United States: USD 8.22 billion

2. UAE: USD 4.56 billion

3. China: USD 4.01 billion

4. Singapore: USD 3.96 billion

5. UK: USD 3.56 billion

6. Hong Kong: USD 2.75 billion

7. Germany: USD 2.64 billion

8. Netherlands: USD 2.49 billion

9. France: USD 2.33 billion

10.                  Belgium: USD 2.31 billion

5. Textiles and Clothing:  Textiles and clothing is another important export from India. The Country has a long and rich tradition of textile production, and is known for its expertise in producing a wide range of textiles, including cotton, silk, wool, and synthetic fibers. Some of the main textiles and clothing exported from India include clothing, bed linens, towels, and other home textiles.

Here is a list of the top destinations for Indian textiles and clothing exports:

1. United Stated: USD 7.12 billion

2. UAE: USD 4.09 billion

3. Bangladesh: USD 3.73 billion

4. China: USD 3.73 billion

5. Germany: USD 2.51 billion

6. UK: USD 2.42 billion

7. Netherlands: USD 2.26 billion

8. Turkey: USD 1.88 billion

9. Spain: USD 1.83 billion

10.                  Belgium: USD 1.70 billion

6.  Organic Chemicals: Organic chemicals are also an important export from India. The country has a well-developed chemical industry and is known for its expertise in producing a wide range of organic chemicals, including pharmaceutical ingredients, fragrances, and flavors. Some of the main organic chemicals exported from India include intermediates, such as those used in production of dyes, pigments, and resins, as well as specialty chemicals, such as those used in cosmetics, personal care, and food industries.

The chemicals and petrochemicals market in the country is worth US$ 178 billion and is expected to reach US$ 300 billion by 2025. The industry employs around 2 million people in India. The country ranks 14th in the global exports of chemicals (excluding pharmaceutical products) with 2.5% contribution to global chemical sales. Chemical manufacturing in India is mainly concentrated in Maharashtra and Gujarat. The other major producing states are West Bengal and Tamil Nadu.

7.  Electronic goods: India has a well-developed electronics industry and is known for its expertise in producing a wide range of electronic products, including telecommunication equipment, computers and peripherals, and consumer electronics.

Some of the main electronic goods exported from India include mobile phones, laptops, televisions, and other consumer electronics, as well as components and parts used in the production of these products.

Here is a list of the top destinations for Indian electronic goods exports:

1. USA: USD 12.98 billion

2. UAE: USD 5.21 billion

3. Hong Kong: USD 4.38 billion

4. Singapore: USD 3.97 billion

5. UK: USD 2.44 billion

6. Netherlands: USD 2.17 billion

7. China: USD 1.97 billion

8. Malaysia: USD 1.90 billion

9. Germany: USD 1.87 billion

10.                  South Korea: USD 1.49 billion

8. Transport equipment: Transport equipment is also an important export from India. The country has a well-developed manufacturing sector and is known for its expertise in producing a wide range of transport equipment, including vehicles, railway equipment, and aerospace components. Some of the main transport equipment exported from India include cars, trucks, buses, trains, and aerospace components, as well as components and parts used in the production of these products.

Here is a list of the top destinations for Indian transport equipment exports:

1. USA: USD 3.74 billion

2. UAE: USD 1.89 billion

3. UK: USD 1.15 billion

4. Germany: USD 1.05 billion

5. South Africa: USD 885 million

6. Belgium: USD 854 million

7. Mexico: USD 779 million

8. France: USD 745 million

9. Russia: USD 729 million

10.                  Thailand: USD 695 million

9.  Iron and Steel: India is one of the largest producers of iron and steel in the world. Some of the main iron and steel products exported from India include flat and long products such as plates, sheets, and bars, as well as tubes and pipes.

Here is a list of the top destinations for Indian iron and steel exports:

1. UAE: USD 2.54 billion

2. USA: USD 1.89 billion

3. China: USD 1.36 billion

4. Bangladesh: USD 1.33 billion

5. Vietnam: USD 1.20 billion

6. Nepal: USD 1.16 billion

7. South Africa: USD 1.11 billion

8. Sri Lanka: USD 988 million

9. UK: USD 951 million

10.                  Mexico: USD 917 million

10.  Plastic and linoleum: Plastics and linoleums are also significant exports from India. The country has a growing plastic industry, which produces a wide range of products including sheets, films, and molded products. Linoleum, on the other hand, is a floor covering made from natural materials and is commonly used in homes and commercial buildings.